Pectoral girdle

Pectoral Girdle

The Pectoral Girdle or Shoulder Girdle is the set of bones in the biped animal that connects the upper limb to the axial skeleton. In humans, it consists of the clavicle and scapula; in those species with three bones in the pectoral girdle, the coracoid is the third.

Structure

The pectoral girdle is a feature of the appendicular skeleton that allows for the mobility of the upper limbs. It is formed by two sets of bones: the anterior clavicle and the posterior scapula. These bones work together to allow for the wide range of motion of the upper limbs.

Clavicle

The clavicle, or collarbone, is a long bone that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum or breastbone. It is the only long bone in the body that lies horizontally. Together with the shoulder blade, it makes up the shoulder girdle.

Scapula

The scapula, or shoulder blade, is the bone that connects the clavicle with the humerus (upper arm bone). It forms the back portion of the shoulder girdle.

Function

The pectoral girdle serves several functions:

• It connects the upper limb to the body trunk and allows for the mobility of the upper limb.
• It provides attachment points for many muscles that allow for the movement of the upper limb.
• It helps to protect the upper thorax, including the heart and lungs.

Clinical significance

Injuries to the pectoral girdle can occur from direct trauma, such as a fall or blow, or from repetitive strain or overuse. Common injuries include clavicle fracture, scapula fracture, and shoulder dislocation.

See also

• Appendicular skeleton
• Axial skeleton
• Human skeleton