Inferior hypogastric plexus

Inferior hypogastric plexus and its branches.

The Inferior Hypogastric Plexus is a network of nerves located in the pelvis, specifically in the region of the rectum and bladder. It is part of the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary body functions.

Anatomy

The Inferior Hypogastric Plexus is formed by the union of the hypogastric nerve and the pelvic splanchnic nerves. It is located on the side walls of the rectum and bladder, and extends to the pelvic organs. The plexus is divided into several smaller plexuses, including the prostatic plexus in males and the uterovaginal plexus in females.

Function

The Inferior Hypogastric Plexus carries both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers. The sympathetic fibers are responsible for inhibiting peristalsis and contracting the internal sphincters of the rectum and bladder. The parasympathetic fibers stimulate peristalsis and relax the internal sphincters.

Clinical Significance

Damage to the Inferior Hypogastric Plexus can result in a variety of conditions, including erectile dysfunction, urinary incontinence, and constipation. Surgical procedures in the pelvis, such as hysterectomy or prostatectomy, can potentially damage the plexus and lead to these complications.

See Also

• Autonomic nervous system
• Hypogastric nerve
• Pelvic splanchnic nerves