Periodontal membrane

Periodontal Membrane

The Periodontal Membrane, also known as the Periodontal Ligament or PDL, is a specialized connective tissue that attaches the cementum of a tooth to the alveolar bone. This tissue plays a crucial role in the health and function of teeth.

Structure

The Periodontal Membrane is a fibrous connective tissue that is approximately 0.15 to 0.38 mm thick. It is composed of mainly Type I and Type III collagen fibers, which are organized into groups known as principal fibers. These fibers include alveolar crest fibers, horizontal fibers, oblique fibers, apical fibers, and interradicular fibers.

Function

The primary function of the Periodontal Membrane is to attach the tooth to the surrounding alveolar bone. It also serves as a shock absorber during mastication, protecting the tooth from excessive forces. Additionally, the Periodontal Membrane plays a role in tooth eruption and positioning, sensory function, and maintaining the health of the periodontium.

Clinical Significance

Diseases affecting the Periodontal Membrane can lead to tooth loss. Periodontitis, a common inflammatory condition, is characterized by the destruction of the periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and other structures of the periodontium. Early detection and treatment of periodontal diseases are crucial to preserve the health and function of the teeth.

See Also

• Periodontium
• Periodontitis
• Alveolar bone
• Cementum