Periodontitis

Periodontitis is a disease that affects the gums and the bone structure that supports the teeth. It is characterized by inflammation and infection of the periodontal ligaments, alveolar bone, and gingiva. If left untreated, periodontitis can lead to tooth loss and other serious health complications.

Causes

Periodontitis is primarily caused by bacteria that accumulate on the teeth and gums. This bacterial buildup is often a result of poor oral hygiene. Other factors that can contribute to the development of periodontitis include smoking, diabetes, certain medications, and genetic susceptibility.

Symptoms

The symptoms of periodontitis can vary, but often include bleeding gums, bad breath, receding gums, loose teeth, and changes in the way the teeth fit together when biting. In severe cases, there may be pain and discomfort in the mouth.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of periodontitis typically involves a thorough examination of the mouth by a dentist or periodontist. This may include measuring the depth of the pockets around the teeth, checking for bleeding gums, and taking X-rays to assess bone loss.

Treatment

Treatment for periodontitis aims to control the infection and prevent further damage to the teeth and gums. This may involve a deep cleaning procedure known as scaling and root planing, the use of antibiotics, or in severe cases, surgery.

Prevention

Prevention of periodontitis involves maintaining good oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups, and avoiding risk factors such as smoking and poor diet.

See also

• Gingivitis
• Oral hygiene
• Dental plaque

Periodontitis Resources
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