Sulcular epithelium

Sulcular epithelium is a type of epithelial tissue found in the mouth. It lines the sulcus, or groove, that exists between the teeth and the free gingiva. This non-keratinized tissue plays a crucial role in oral health, acting as a barrier against the invasion of bacteria and other harmful substances.

Structure

The sulcular epithelium is a non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, meaning it is composed of several layers of flat cells. Unlike the oral mucosa, which is keratinized to withstand the mechanical stresses of eating and speaking, the sulcular epithelium is more delicate and permeable. This allows it to absorb substances from the oral environment, but also makes it more susceptible to damage and infection.

Function

The primary function of the sulcular epithelium is to protect the underlying tissues from the potentially harmful substances found in the oral environment. It acts as a barrier, preventing bacteria and other substances from penetrating the tissues and reaching the bloodstream. However, its permeability also allows for the absorption of certain substances, including therapeutic agents used in dentistry.

Clinical significance

The health of the sulcular epithelium is closely linked to overall oral health. Damage to this tissue, such as that caused by periodontal disease, can lead to inflammation, bleeding, and eventually, tooth loss. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices, including brushing and flossing, are essential for maintaining the health of the sulcular epithelium.

See also

• Oral epithelium
• Gingiva
• Periodontal disease