Abfraction

Abfraction is a theoretical concept in dentistry that explains a loss of tooth enamel at locations away from the point of contact of the teeth. The term was first coined by Grippo in 1991. It is believed to be caused by flexural forces that the tooth experiences when biting and chewing. The theory suggests that these forces cause a stress concentration at the cervical area of the tooth, leading to micro-cracking of the enamel and dentin.

Causes

The primary cause of abfraction is the flexural forces that the tooth experiences during biting and chewing. These forces are believed to cause a stress concentration at the cervical area of the tooth, leading to micro-cracking of the enamel and dentin. Other factors that may contribute to abfraction include bruxism (teeth grinding), malocclusion (misaligned teeth), and diet.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of abfraction is typically made by a dentist during a routine dental examination. The dentist will look for signs of tooth wear at the cervical area of the tooth, such as notches or grooves. They may also use dental radiographs to assess the extent of the tooth wear.

Treatment

Treatment for abfraction typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the tooth wear. This may include treating bruxism, correcting malocclusion, or modifying diet. In some cases, a dentist may recommend restorative treatment to repair the damaged tooth structure. This can include the use of dental fillings, crowns, or veneers.

Prevention

Prevention of abfraction involves maintaining good oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups. It also involves addressing any underlying causes of tooth wear, such as bruxism or malocclusion. A dentist may recommend the use of a mouth guard to protect the teeth from grinding during sleep.

See also

• Dental erosion
• Tooth wear
• Bruxism
• Malocclusion