Mandibular second molar

The Mandibular second molar is the tooth located distally (away from the midline of the face) from both the mandibular first molars of the mouth. The function of this molar is similar to all other molars, and is used for grinding food.

Etymology

The term "molar" is derived from Latin, "mola" which means millstone. The term "mandibular" is derived from the Latin word "mandibula" which means jaw.

Anatomy

The mandibular second molar typically has four cusps for both deciduous (baby teeth) and permanent teeth. The two buccal (cheek side) cusps are larger than the two lingual (tongue side) cusps. The mandibular second molar is usually the sixth and last tooth to erupt in the lower jaw, typically emerging at around 11-13 years of age.

Clinical significance

The mandibular second molar is often the site of dental problems such as dental caries (tooth decay) and periodontal disease. It is also often the tooth that is missing in cases of tooth agenesis (failure of the tooth to develop).

Related terms

• Molar: A type of tooth used for grinding food.
• Mandible: The lower jawbone in mammals.
• Deciduous teeth: Also known as baby teeth, milk teeth, temporary teeth and primary teeth.
• Permanent teeth: The set of teeth that come in after the primary teeth.
• Dental caries: Also known as cavities, a breakdown of teeth due to acids made by bacteria.
• Periodontal disease: A set of inflammatory diseases affecting the tissues that surround and support the teeth.
• Tooth agenesis: The failure of teeth to develop.

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