Periungual warts

Periungual warts are a type of wart that specifically occurs around the nails of the fingers and toes. These warts are caused by the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and are characterized by their rough, irregular surface. Periungual warts can be painful and may affect nail growth if left untreated. This article provides an overview of periungual warts, including their causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.

Causes

Periungual warts are caused by certain strains of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is a common virus with over 100 strains, but only a few are responsible for causing warts around the nails. The virus is contagious and can be spread through direct contact with a wart or something that touched a wart, such as towels or surfaces. People with weakened immune systems or damaged skin around the nails are more susceptible to developing periungual warts.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of periungual warts is the appearance of small, rough growths around the fingernails or toenails. These warts may start as small bumps and can grow larger and become more numerous over time. They may cause pain or discomfort, especially when pressure is applied to the area. In severe cases, periungual warts can interfere with nail growth, leading to deformed nails.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of periungual warts typically involves a physical examination by a healthcare provider. In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions, such as skin cancer or fungal infections.

Treatment

Treatment for periungual warts aims to remove the warts and prevent their spread. Options include:

• Salicylic acid: A topical treatment that gradually peels away the wart.
• Cryotherapy: A procedure that uses liquid nitrogen to freeze and destroy the wart.
• Laser therapy: A treatment that uses a laser to burn and destroy wart tissue.
• Surgical removal: In severe cases, the warts may be surgically removed.

Preventive measures include avoiding direct contact with warts, keeping the hands and feet dry, and not sharing personal items like towels or nail clippers.

Complications

If untreated, periungual warts can lead to complications such as pain, discomfort, and nail deformities. They can also spread to other areas of the body or to other people.

Conclusion

Periungual warts are a common condition caused by the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). While they can be painful and unsightly, a variety of treatment options are available. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and the spread of the virus.