Peroxidase

Peroxidase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the process of oxidation in living organisms. It is a large family of enzymes that typically catalyze a reaction of the form:

R-H + H₂O₂ → R + 2H₂O

The most well-known peroxidase is horseradish peroxidase (HRP).

Function

Peroxidases can contain a heme cofactor in their active sites, or redox-active cysteine or selenocysteine residues. The nature of the electron donor is very dependent on the structure of the enzyme itself.

Types

There are various types of peroxidases, including:

• Horseradish peroxidase
• Lactoperoxidase
• Thyroid peroxidase
• Glutathione peroxidase

Role in disease

Peroxidase enzymes play a key role in the immune system and are a key line of defense against invading pathogens. However, they can also contribute to inflammatory diseases if they are present in high amounts.

See also

• Catalase
• Oxidoreductase
• Peroxidase reaction

References

Peroxidase Resources
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