Phaeoramularia angolensis

Phaeoramularia angolensis is a fungal species that belongs to the Mycosphaerellaceae family. It is known for causing a disease known as Citrus Black Spot (CBS), which is a serious threat to citrus production worldwide.

Taxonomy

Phaeoramularia angolensis is a member of the Ascomycota division, the largest division of the Fungi kingdom. It belongs to the Capnodiales order and the Mycosphaerellaceae family. The genus Phaeoramularia includes several species, with Phaeoramularia angolensis being one of the most significant due to its impact on citrus crops.

Description

The fungus is characterized by its ability to produce conidia, which are asexual spores that are spread by wind or water. The conidia of Phaeoramularia angolensis are dark brown and have a smooth surface. They are typically oval or cylindrical in shape.

Disease Cycle

The disease cycle of Phaeoramularia angolensis begins when the conidia land on the surface of a citrus fruit or leaf. The fungus then penetrates the plant tissue, causing the characteristic black spots of CBS. The spots eventually coalesce, leading to significant damage to the fruit and leaves. The fungus can survive in fallen leaves and fruit, providing a source of inoculum for future infections.

Management

Management of CBS caused by Phaeoramularia angolensis involves a combination of cultural practices and chemical control. Cultural practices include the removal of infected plant material and the use of resistant cultivars. Chemical control typically involves the application of fungicides.

Impact

The impact of Phaeoramularia angolensis is significant, particularly in regions where citrus is a major crop. The fungus can cause substantial yield losses, and the blemishes it causes can reduce the marketability of the fruit.

See Also

• Citrus Black Spot
• Mycosphaerellaceae
• Ascomycota
• Fungicide