Photosensitivity reaction

Photosensitivity Reaction

A photosensitivity reaction is a condition in which the skin becomes abnormally sensitive to sunlight. This reaction can be caused by various factors, including certain medications, skin diseases, and genetic conditions. Photosensitivity reactions can be divided into two main types: phototoxic reactions and photoallergic reactions.

Phototoxic Reactions

A phototoxic reaction occurs when a person's skin becomes hypersensitive to sunlight after exposure to certain substances. These substances can be found in some medications, plants, and cosmetics. When these substances absorb ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun, they can cause damage to the skin cells, leading to a phototoxic reaction. Symptoms of a phototoxic reaction can include redness, burning, and blistering of the skin.

Photoallergic Reactions

A photoallergic reaction is a less common type of photosensitivity reaction. It occurs when a person's immune system reacts to a substance on the skin that has been altered by exposure to sunlight. This reaction can cause symptoms such as redness, itching, and swelling of the skin. Photoallergic reactions are often caused by substances found in sunscreens, fragrances, and certain medications.

Causes

Photosensitivity reactions can be caused by a variety of factors. Some of the most common causes include certain medications, such as antibiotics, diuretics, and antidepressants. Other causes can include skin diseases, such as lupus and porphyria, and genetic conditions, such as xeroderma pigmentosum.

Treatment

Treatment for photosensitivity reactions typically involves avoiding exposure to sunlight and using sun protection measures, such as wearing protective clothing and using sunscreen. In some cases, medications may be prescribed to help manage symptoms. It's also important to identify and avoid any substances that may be causing the reaction.

See Also

• Sunburn
• Photodermatitis
• Solar Urticaria