Phrenic plexus

Phrenic Plexus is a network of nerves that originates from the cervical nerves C3, C4, and C5. It is primarily responsible for innervating the diaphragm, the primary muscle involved in respiration.

Anatomy

The phrenic plexus is formed by the anterior rami of the third, fourth, and fifth cervical nerves (cervical plexus). The plexus descends along the anterior surface of the scalene muscles, deep to the prevertebral fascia, and enters the thorax between the subclavian artery and subclavian vein.

The phrenic nerve and its relations with the superior vena cava and pleura.

Function

The phrenic plexus provides motor innervation to the diaphragm, enabling it to contract and relax during respiration. It also provides sensory innervation to the central part of the diaphragm and the pleura overlying the diaphragm.

Clinical significance

Damage to the phrenic plexus can result in diaphragmatic paralysis, leading to difficulty in breathing. This can occur due to trauma, surgery, or diseases such as Guillain-Barré syndrome or polio.

See also

• Nervous system
• Peripheral nervous system
• Phrenic nerve