Pi bond

A pi bond (Greek: π) is a type of chemical bond that is characterized by the sharing of electrons between atoms in a molecule through p orbitals that are in contact through two areas of overlap. Pi bonds are usually weaker than sigma bonds.

Etymology

The term "pi bond" is derived from the Greek letter π, which is used in mathematics to represent a constant. In the context of chemistry, the term "pi bond" is used to describe a type of covalent bond that is formed by the overlap of p orbitals.

Formation

Pi bonds are formed when two atomic orbitals come together to form a molecular orbital that is symmetrical along the bond axis. The p orbitals that participate in pi bond formation are in a parallel orientation and must be unhybridized. The electrons in pi bonds are sometimes referred to as "pi electrons".

Properties

Pi bonds are generally weaker than sigma bonds due to the poor overlap of p orbitals. However, they are crucial in the formation of double and triple bonds in molecules. Pi bonds also play a significant role in the structures of organic molecules, such as alkenes and alkynes.

Related Terms

• Sigma bond
• Covalent bond
• Molecular orbital theory
• Chemical bond
• Alkene
• Alkyne

See also

• Molecular orbital
• Chemical bonding
• Covalent bonding
• Molecular geometry

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  Ethylene 3D structure
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  Pi bond illustration
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  Ethane staggered conformation
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  Ethylene dimensions
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  Acetylene dimensions