Pollen count

Pollen grains observed in aeroplankton of South Europe

Pollen count refers to the concentration of pollen in the air over a specific period, usually measured in grains of pollen per cubic meter of air collected over 24 hours. Pollen counts are a crucial metric for allergology, the study of allergies, as they help predict the severity of allergy symptoms for individuals sensitive to pollen. High pollen counts can significantly impact those with allergic rhinitis (hay fever), asthma, and other pollen-related allergies, affecting their quality of life and productivity.

Measurement

The process of measuring pollen counts is conducted by specialized devices known as pollen traps. The most common type of pollen trap is the Hirst-type volumetric spore trap. These devices draw in a specific volume of air through a slit and impact the airborne particles onto a sticky surface on a rotating drum. The collected samples are then analyzed under a microscope, and the pollen grains are identified and counted. This data is used to calculate the average daily pollen count.

Types of Pollen

Pollen that commonly triggers allergies comes from plants that produce small, light, and dry pollen grains that are easily carried by the wind. These include:

• Grasses
• Trees such as oak, birch, cedar, and pine
• Weeds such as ragweed, nettle, and mugwort

Pollen Season

The pollen season varies depending on the geographical location and climatic conditions. In temperate regions, tree pollen is typically released in spring, grass pollen in late spring and early summer, and weed pollen in late summer and fall. However, in warmer climates, the pollen season can be longer or even year-round.

Impact on Health

Exposure to high levels of pollen can exacerbate symptoms in individuals with pollen allergies. These symptoms may include sneezing, nasal congestion, itchy and watery eyes, and asthma attacks. Pollen counts are therefore an essential tool for allergy sufferers to manage their symptoms, allowing them to take preventative measures such as staying indoors on high pollen days, using air purifiers, and taking allergy medications.

Pollen Forecast

Pollen forecasts are often included in weather reports and are available through various online platforms and mobile apps. These forecasts use historical pollen count data, weather conditions, and plant phenology models to predict pollen levels, helping individuals with allergies to plan their activities.

Conclusion

Understanding and monitoring pollen counts is vital for reducing the impact of pollen on individuals with allergies. By staying informed about pollen levels, allergy sufferers can take proactive steps to manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life during pollen season.