Poly(methyl methacrylate)

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), also known as acrylic or acrylic glass as well as by the trade names Plexiglas, Acrylite, Lucite, and Perspex among several others (see below), is a transparent thermoplastic often used in sheet form as a lightweight or shatter-resistant alternative to glass. The same material can be used as a casting resin, in inks and coatings, and has many other uses.

Properties

PMMA is a synthetic polymer of methyl methacrylate. It is a clear plastic that exhibits glass-like qualities—transparency, brilliance, clarity, and translucence—but at half the weight and many times the impact resistance of glass. It also shows good resistance to weathering, making it suitable for outdoor use. Its melting point is approximately 160°C (320°F), and it decomposes before boiling.

Applications

Medical

In the medical field, PMMA is used in a variety of applications. It is employed in the production of ocular prosthetics, as a bone cement in orthopedic surgery, and in dental prosthetics. Its biocompatibility and ease of shaping make it a valuable material in reconstructive surgery.

Construction and Design

PMMA's transparency and resistance to the elements make it an ideal material for use in the construction of greenhouses, skylights, and outdoor signs. In interior design, it is used for furniture, lighting fixtures, and decorative panels.

Automotive

In the automotive industry, PMMA is used in the manufacturing of vehicle windows, taillights, and instrument clusters due to its clarity and resistance to impact.

Electronics

PMMA finds applications in the electronics industry as well, particularly in the production of display screens and lenses for smartphones and tablets, due to its optical clarity and durability.

Environmental Impact

While PMMA is not biodegradable, it is recyclable. The recycling of PMMA involves breaking it down into its constituent monomer, methyl methacrylate, which can then be repurposed to create new PMMA products. However, the recycling process is complex and requires significant energy input.

History

PMMA was first developed in the early 20th century by chemists working at the German company Röhm and Haas. It was brought to market in 1933 under the brand name Plexiglas and has since become ubiquitous in a wide range of applications.

See Also

• Plastic
• Thermoplastic
• Acrylic paint
• Glass

References

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