Port-a-Cath

Port-a-Cath (also known as port or chemo port) is a type of central venous catheter (CVC). It is a device that is usually implanted in the upper chest. It is used to administer medication or fluids that are unable to be taken by mouth or would harm a smaller peripheral vein, obtain blood tests (especially blood cultures), and measure central venous pressure.

History

The Port-a-Cath was developed by Phillip H. Dreyer and R. Lowell Edwards in the late 1970s. The device was first used in a clinical setting in 1982.

Design

The Port-a-Cath is composed of a reservoir (the portal) and a tube (the catheter). The portal is implanted under the skin in the upper chest or in the arm and appears as a bump under the skin. It has a septum (a silicone membrane) through which drugs can be injected and blood samples can be drawn many times, usually with less discomfort for the patient than a typical needle stick.

Uses

Port-a-Caths are used primarily in the treatment of cancer. They are used to administer chemotherapy drugs, antibiotics, intravenous fluids, blood transfusions, and to draw blood samples. They can also be used in the treatment of hemophilia and other diseases that require frequent or continuous medication.

Complications

Complications can include infection, blockage of the catheter, formation of a blood clot, and the catheter or port breaking. The risk of complications is often weighed against the benefits for patients with a limited life expectancy.

See also

• Central venous catheter
• Chemotherapy
• Hemophilia

Port-a-Cath Resources
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