Posterior humeral circumflex vessels

Posterior Humeral Circumflex Vessels

The posterior humeral circumflex vessels are an important vascular network located in the shoulder region. These vessels play a crucial role in supplying blood to the muscles and other structures in the posterior aspect of the humerus bone. In this article, we will explore the anatomy, function, and clinical significance of the posterior humeral circumflex vessels.

Anatomy

The posterior humeral circumflex vessels are branches of the axillary artery, which is a major blood vessel originating from the subclavian artery. Specifically, these vessels arise from the third part of the axillary artery, which is located posterior to the pectoralis minor muscle.

The posterior humeral circumflex vessels consist of two main branches: the ascending branch and the descending branch. The ascending branch runs superiorly along the posterior aspect of the humerus bone, while the descending branch runs inferiorly. These branches form an anastomotic network around the surgical neck of the humerus, providing a rich blood supply to the surrounding structures.

Function

The primary function of the posterior humeral circumflex vessels is to supply oxygenated blood to the muscles and other structures in the posterior aspect of the humerus. These vessels play a crucial role in maintaining the vitality and function of the shoulder region.

The ascending branch of the posterior humeral circumflex vessels supplies blood to the deltoid muscle, which is the main muscle responsible for shoulder abduction. Additionally, it provides blood to the teres major muscle, which assists in shoulder adduction and internal rotation.

The descending branch of the posterior humeral circumflex vessels supplies blood to the teres minor muscle, which is involved in shoulder external rotation. It also provides blood to the long head of the triceps brachii muscle, which is responsible for elbow extension.

Clinical Significance

The posterior humeral circumflex vessels have clinical significance in various medical procedures and conditions. Here are a few notable points:

1. Surgical Procedures: Surgeons must be cautious during procedures involving the shoulder region to avoid damaging the posterior humeral circumflex vessels. Injury to these vessels can lead to compromised blood supply to the muscles, resulting in impaired healing and potential complications.

2. Fractures: Fractures of the surgical neck of the humerus can disrupt the anastomotic network formed by the posterior humeral circumflex vessels. This can lead to avascular necrosis, a condition where the bone tissue dies due to inadequate blood supply.

3. Shoulder Impingement Syndrome: In some cases of shoulder impingement syndrome, the posterior humeral circumflex vessels can become compressed or impinged upon by surrounding structures. This can cause pain, limited range of motion, and other symptoms.

Conclusion

The posterior humeral circumflex vessels are an essential vascular network in the shoulder region. They play a vital role in supplying blood to the muscles and other structures in the posterior aspect of the humerus. Understanding the anatomy and function of these vessels is crucial for healthcare professionals involved in the diagnosis and treatment of shoulder-related conditions.

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