Postperfusion syndrome

Postperfusion syndrome, also known as pumphead, is a constellation of neurocognitive impairments attributed to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during heart surgery. This syndrome is characterized by a series of neuropsychological deficits such as issues with attention, concentration, short term memory, fine motor function, and speed of mental and motor responses.

Symptoms

The symptoms of postperfusion syndrome can vary widely, but often include:

• Memory loss
• Difficulty concentrating
• Mental fog
• Mood swings
• Fatigue
• Insomnia
• Post-operative depression

Causes

The exact cause of postperfusion syndrome is not fully understood. However, it is believed to be related to the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on the brain. This may include:

• Microemboli production
• Inflammatory response to the bypass machine
• Hypoperfusion of the brain during surgery

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of postperfusion syndrome is typically based on the presence of characteristic symptoms following heart surgery. Neuropsychological testing may be used to assess cognitive function and identify specific areas of impairment.

Treatment

Treatment for postperfusion syndrome is primarily supportive and may include:

• Cognitive rehabilitation
• Psychotherapy
• Medications to manage symptoms

See also

• Cardiopulmonary bypass
• Heart surgery
• Neurocognitive