Potassium benzoate

Potassium benzoate is a food preservative that inhibits the growth of mold, yeast, and some bacteria. It works by adjusting the pH of foods to a level where these microorganisms cannot grow. Potassium benzoate is the potassium salt of benzoic acid and is typically used in acidic foods such as fruit juices, carbonated drinks, and pickles.

Chemical Structure

Potassium benzoate has the chemical formula C7H5KO2. It consists of a benzene ring attached to a carboxyl group (COOH), with a potassium ion replacing the hydrogen in the carboxyl group. This gives the compound its preservative properties.

Uses

Potassium benzoate is used primarily as a food preservative. It is effective in preventing the growth of molds, yeasts, and some bacteria in acidic foods. It is commonly found in carbonated drinks, fruit juices, pickles, and condiments. It is also used in the fireworks industry to produce a whistling noise when ignited.

Safety and Health Effects

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recognized potassium benzoate as a safe food preservative when used in appropriate amounts. However, when combined with ascorbic acid (vitamin C), it can form benzene, a known carcinogen. Therefore, it is not recommended to consume products containing both potassium benzoate and ascorbic acid.

Environmental Impact

Potassium benzoate is readily biodegradable, meaning it can be broken down by microorganisms in the environment. However, it can contribute to the eutrophication of water bodies if released in large quantities.

See Also

• Sodium benzoate
• Food preservation
• Benzoic acid
• Preservative