Potato cyst nematode

Potato cyst nematode (PCN) refers to two species of plant-parasitic nematodes from the genus Globodera that are known to cause significant damage to potato crops. These species are Globodera rostochiensis and Globodera pallida. They are also commonly referred to as golden nematode and pale cyst nematode, respectively.

Description

Potato cyst nematodes are microscopic roundworms that infect the roots of potato plants. They form cysts, which are protective structures that contain eggs and can survive in the soil for many years. The cysts are typically lemon-shaped and can be seen on the roots of infected plants.

Life Cycle

The life cycle of potato cyst nematodes includes several stages:

• **Egg**: The eggs are contained within the cysts and can remain dormant in the soil for up to 20 years.
• **Juvenile**: When conditions are favorable, the eggs hatch into second-stage juveniles (J2), which are the infective stage.
• **Adult**: The juveniles invade the roots of potato plants, where they develop into adults. Female nematodes swell and eventually form new cysts filled with eggs.

Symptoms

Infected potato plants may exhibit several symptoms, including:

• Stunted growth
• Yellowing of leaves
• Wilting
• Reduced tuber yield

Economic Impact

Potato cyst nematodes are a major concern for potato farmers due to their ability to significantly reduce crop yields. Infestations can lead to substantial economic losses and increased costs for pest management.

Management

Management of potato cyst nematodes involves several strategies:

• **Crop rotation**: Growing non-host crops to reduce nematode populations in the soil.
• **Resistant varieties**: Planting potato varieties that are resistant to PCN.
• **Chemical control**: Using nematicides to reduce nematode populations.
• **Sanitation**: Cleaning equipment and using certified seed potatoes to prevent the spread of nematodes.

Regulation

Many countries have regulations in place to control the spread of potato cyst nematodes. These regulations often include quarantine measures and restrictions on the movement of infected soil and plant material.

See also

• Nematode
• Plant pathology
• Integrated pest management
• Agriculture