Pratylenchus coffeae

A plant-parasitic nematode affecting coffee plants

Pratylenchus coffeae, commonly known as the coffee root lesion nematode, is a species of plant-parasitic nematode that primarily affects coffee plants. It is a significant agricultural pest, causing damage to the roots of its host plants, which can lead to reduced yield and quality of coffee crops.

Description

Pratylenchus coffeae is a microscopic roundworm belonging to the phylum Nematoda. It is characterized by its slender, elongated body, which is typically 0.4 to 0.6 mm in length. The nematode has a stylet, a needle-like structure used to pierce plant cells and feed on their contents.

Life Cycle

The life cycle of Pratylenchus coffeae includes several stages: egg, juvenile, and adult. The nematode reproduces through eggs, which hatch into juveniles. These juveniles undergo several molts before reaching adulthood. The entire life cycle can be completed in about 20 to 30 days, depending on environmental conditions such as temperature and moisture.

Host Plants

While Pratylenchus coffeae is most commonly associated with coffee plants, it can also infect a variety of other host plants, including banana, citrus, and sugarcane. The nematode is known for its wide host range, which makes it a versatile and challenging pest to manage.

Symptoms

Infected plants exhibit symptoms such as stunted growth, yellowing of leaves, and reduced root mass. The nematode causes lesions on the roots, which can lead to secondary infections by other pathogens. These symptoms can significantly impact the health and productivity of the plant.

Management

Managing Pratylenchus coffeae involves a combination of cultural, biological, and chemical control methods. Crop rotation and the use of resistant plant varieties can help reduce nematode populations. Biological control agents, such as certain fungi and bacteria, can also be effective. Chemical nematicides are available, but their use is often limited due to environmental concerns.

Distribution

Pratylenchus coffeae is found in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, where coffee is commonly grown. Its distribution is influenced by factors such as climate, soil type, and agricultural practices.

Related pages

• Nematode
• Plant pathology
• Coffee production