Pre-ferment

Pre-ferment is a fermentation starter used in the production of bread. It is a preparation of a portion of a bread dough that is allowed to ferment in advance, often for several hours to a full day. Pre-ferment allows for the development of complex flavors and helps to strengthen the final dough's structure.

History

The use of pre-ferments in bread making dates back to ancient times, with evidence of its use in Ancient Egypt. The practice was further developed in Europe during the Middle Ages, particularly in France, where it became a standard technique in the production of French bread.

Types of Pre-ferment

There are several types of pre-ferment, each with its own characteristics and uses. These include:

• Poolish: A pre-ferment made with equal weights of flour and water, with a small amount of yeast. It is typically used in French bread making.

• Biga: An Italian pre-ferment that uses a smaller proportion of water compared to flour, resulting in a stiffer mixture. It is often used in the production of Italian bread and pizza dough.

• Sourdough starter: A pre-ferment that uses naturally occurring yeast and bacteria to ferment the dough. It is used in the production of sourdough bread.

Benefits of Pre-ferment

Using a pre-ferment in bread making offers several benefits. It can improve the flavor, texture, and appearance of the bread. It also increases the bread's shelf life by making it less prone to staling.

See Also

• Bread
• Fermentation in food production
• Sourdough