Preanesthetic assessment

Preanesthetic assessment is a comprehensive evaluation performed by an anesthesiologist or a nurse anesthetist prior to anesthesia to identify potential issues that could influence the anesthetic management and outcome of a surgical procedure. The assessment includes a thorough review of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and appropriate laboratory tests.

Medical History

The medical history is a crucial part of the preanesthetic assessment. It includes a detailed review of the patient's past and present health conditions, allergies, previous surgeries, and experiences with anesthesia. The anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist also reviews the patient's use of medications, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, herbal supplements, and recreational drugs.

Physical Examination

The physical examination focuses on the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, nervous system, and the airway. The goal is to identify any abnormalities that could affect the patient's response to anesthesia or the surgical procedure.

Laboratory Tests

Laboratory tests are not routinely required for all patients undergoing anesthesia. However, they may be necessary based on the patient's age, medical conditions, type of surgery, and the anesthetic plan. Common tests include complete blood count, electrolyte levels, coagulation profile, and kidney and liver function tests.

Anesthetic Plan

Based on the findings from the medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests, the anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist develops an anesthetic plan. This plan outlines the type of anesthesia to be used (general, regional, or local), the medications and techniques for induction and maintenance of anesthesia, and the plan for postoperative pain management and recovery.

Risks and Benefits

The preanesthetic assessment also includes a discussion of the risks and benefits of the proposed anesthetic plan. The patient is informed about potential complications and side effects, and their questions and concerns are addressed.

Informed Consent

Informed consent for anesthesia is obtained during the preanesthetic assessment. The patient is provided with information about the proposed anesthetic plan, potential risks and benefits, and alternative options. The patient's understanding is confirmed, and their voluntary agreement to proceed is documented.

See Also

• Anesthesia
• Anesthesiologist
• Nurse Anesthetist
• Informed Consent