Prehistoric Italy

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Prehistoric Italy refers to the period in the history of the Italian Peninsula before the advent of written records and historical documentation. This era encompasses several distinct periods, including the Paleolithic, Neolithic, Bronze Age, and Iron Age.

Paleolithic[edit | edit source]

The Paleolithic period in Italy dates back to approximately 800,000 years ago. Early human presence is evidenced by the discovery of stone tools and fossils. Sites such as Monte Poggiolo and Isernia La Pineta provide crucial insights into the lives of early hominins in the region.

Neolithic[edit | edit source]

The Neolithic period, beginning around 6000 BCE, saw the advent of agriculture and the establishment of permanent settlements. The introduction of farming techniques and domestication of animals marked a significant shift from the hunter-gatherer lifestyle. Important Neolithic sites include Matera and the Alpine region, where the famous Ötzi the Iceman was discovered.

Bronze Age[edit | edit source]

The Bronze Age in Italy, starting around 2300 BCE, was characterized by the use of bronze for tools and weapons. This period saw the rise of complex societies and trade networks. Notable Bronze Age cultures include the Terramare culture in the Po Valley and the Nuragic civilization in Sardinia.

Iron Age[edit | edit source]

The Iron Age began around 900 BCE and saw the introduction of iron metallurgy. This period is marked by the emergence of the Villanovan culture, which is considered the precursor to the Etruscan civilization. The Iron Age laid the foundations for the development of Ancient Rome.