Prophet Muhammad

Muhammad
Title	Prophet, Messenger of Allah
Personal
Born	c. 570 CE Mecca, Hejaz, Saudi Arabia
Died	8 June 632 CE Medina, Hejaz, Saudi Arabia
Religion	Islam
Spouse	Khadija bint Khuwaylid, Aisha bint Abi Bakr, and others
Children	Fatimah, Ibrahim ibn Muhammad, and others

Muhammad (Arabic: محمد) is the founder of Islam and is regarded by Muslims as a prophet and messenger of Allah. He was born in Mecca around 570 CE and died in Medina on 8 June 632 CE. Muhammad's teachings, practices, and the revelations he received form the basis of the Islamic religious belief system.

Early Life

Muhammad was born into the Quraysh tribe, which was one of the most powerful tribes in Mecca due to their role in overseeing the Kaaba. Orphaned at a young age, he was raised by his uncle Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib. Muhammad later worked as a merchant and was known for his trustworthiness, earning the nickname "Al-Amin" (the trustworthy).

Prophethood and Revelation

At the age of 40, Muhammad began receiving revelations from Allah through the Angel Gabriel. These revelations, which continued for approximately 23 years, are compiled in the Quran, the holy book of Islam. His initial revelations invited significant opposition from the Meccan elites, leading to persecution of Muhammad and his followers.

Hijra

In 622 CE, facing increased persecution, Muhammad and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina in an event known as the Hijra. This migration marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. In Medina, Muhammad established a Muslim community and served as a spiritual leader, statesman, and military commander.

Later Life and Death

Over the next decade, Muhammad consolidated his control over the Arabian Peninsula through a combination of diplomacy and military campaigns. In 630 CE, he returned to Mecca with a large number of his followers and peacefully conquered the city. Most of the Meccan population converted to Islam.

Muhammad died in 632 CE in Medina. After his death, his teachings and the revelations he received were compiled into the Quran, which became the theological foundation of Islam.

Legacy

Muhammad's life and teachings continue to influence billions of followers worldwide. He is respected as the last prophet in a long line of prophets in Islam, which includes figures such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus. His life and actions are a model for Muslims, and his sayings and practices (Sunnah) are a major source of Islamic law and ethics.

See Also

• Quran
• Sunnah
• Hadith
• Sahaba
• Caliphate