Propionibacterium acnes

Propionibacterium acnes is a gram-positive human skin commensal that prefers anaerobic growth conditions and is involved in the pathogenesis of acne (acne vulgaris). It is also associated with other types of infections and conditions.

Taxonomy

Propionibacterium acnes is a member of the genus Propionibacterium and the family Propionibacteriaceae. It was first described by Gilchrist in 1900 as a component of the normal skin flora.

Morphology

Propionibacterium acnes is a rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, and non-motile bacterium. It is gram-positive, meaning it retains the crystal violet stain used in the Gram stain procedure.

Metabolism

Propionibacterium acnes is an anaerobic bacterium, meaning it does not require oxygen for growth. It metabolizes sebum, a substance secreted by the sebaceous glands of the skin, producing propionic acid as a waste product.

Pathogenesis

Propionibacterium acnes is involved in the pathogenesis of acne. It colonizes the pilosebaceous unit, where it contributes to inflammation and the formation of acne lesions. It is also associated with other types of infections, including endophthalmitis, endocarditis, and orthopedic implant infections.

Treatment

Treatment of infections caused by Propionibacterium acnes typically involves antibiotics, such as erythromycin and tetracycline. However, antibiotic resistance is a growing concern.

See also

• Acne vulgaris
• Propionibacterium
• Gram-positive bacteria
• Anaerobic organism