Protein degradation

Protein Degradation

Protein degradation is a biological process that involves the breakdown or proteolysis of proteins within cells. This process is essential for the removal of damaged proteins and the regulation of certain physiological processes.

Mechanisms of Protein Degradation

There are two primary mechanisms for protein degradation: the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS) and Autophagy.

Ubiquitin-Proteasome System

The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System is the primary pathway for protein degradation in cells. Proteins targeted for degradation are tagged with ubiquitin, a small protein, which signals the proteasome to degrade the tagged protein.

Autophagy

Autophagy is a process where cells degrade and recycle their own components, including proteins. This process is particularly important during periods of stress or nutrient deprivation.

Role in Disease

Abnormalities in protein degradation can lead to a variety of diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, and cancer.

See Also

• Protein turnover
• Proteasome
• Ubiquitin
• Autophagy