Psychogenic seizure

Psychogenic Seizures

A Psychogenic seizure is a type of seizure that is not due to a physical or organic cause, but rather is caused by psychological factors. These seizures are also known as non-epileptic seizures or non-epileptic attack disorder (NEAD).

Definition

Psychogenic seizures are episodes that may appear similar to epileptic seizures, but are not caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. Instead, they are believed to be an involuntary physical response to psychological stress or trauma.

Causes

The exact cause of psychogenic seizures is unknown, but they are often associated with psychological issues such as stress, anxiety, depression, or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They may also be linked to a history of physical or sexual abuse.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of psychogenic seizures can be challenging, as they can closely resemble epileptic seizures. However, certain features can help distinguish between the two. For example, psychogenic seizures often last longer than epileptic seizures and may be accompanied by rapid recovery without postictal confusion.

Video EEG monitoring is the gold standard for diagnosis. This involves recording the electrical activity of the brain while simultaneously recording the patient's behavior on video.

Treatment

Treatment for psychogenic seizures typically involves addressing the underlying psychological issue. This may include psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), or medication for associated conditions such as depression or anxiety.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with psychogenic seizures varies. Some people may experience a reduction in seizures with treatment, while others may continue to experience seizures despite treatment.

See also

• Epilepsy
• Psychosomatic illness
• Conversion disorder