Psychophysiologic disorders

Psychophysiologic disorders are physical illnesses or conditions that are believed to be caused or exacerbated by mental or emotional factors. These disorders are characterized by physical symptoms that are not fully explained by a general medical condition, the direct effects of a substance, or another mental disorder. The symptoms are also not intentionally produced or feigned.

Definition

Psychophysiologic disorders are defined as physical illnesses that are either caused or worsened by mental factors. These disorders are also known as psychosomatic illnesses, a term which emphasizes the mind-body connection. The term "psychophysiologic disorder" is preferred by some because it avoids the implication that the condition is "all in the patient's head."

Causes

The exact causes of psychophysiologic disorders are not known, but they are believed to be related to stress and emotional factors. Stress can cause changes in the body's nervous system, endocrine system, and immune system, which can lead to physical symptoms. Emotional factors such as anxiety, depression, and anger can also contribute to the development of these disorders.

Types

There are many types of psychophysiologic disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome, tension headache, chronic pain, fibromyalgia, and chronic fatigue syndrome. These conditions are often characterized by chronic or recurrent physical symptoms that are not fully explained by a general medical condition.

Treatment

Treatment for psychophysiologic disorders often involves a combination of medical and psychological therapies. Medical treatments may include medications to manage symptoms, while psychological therapies may include cognitive-behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, and stress management strategies.

See also

• Psychosomatic medicine
• Stress (biology)
• Mind-body interventions