RSDS

Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Syndrome (RSDS), also known as Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS), is a chronic condition characterized by severe, persistent pain and is believed to be a result of dysfunction in the central or peripheral nervous systems. RSDS typically affects one limb (arm, leg, hand, or foot) but can spread to other parts of the body. The cause of RSDS is not fully understood, but it often follows an injury or a period of immobilization.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of RSDS is intense, continuous pain that is out of proportion to the severity of the initial injury. Other common symptoms include:

• Changes in skin temperature, color, or texture
• Swelling and stiffness in affected joints
• Increased sensitivity to touch or cold
• Reduced range of motion

Causes

While the exact cause of RSDS is unknown, it is thought to involve abnormal inflammation and nerve dysfunction. Factors that may contribute include:

• Injuries to tissue or bones
• Surgeries
• Heart attacks
• Infections
• Nerve irritation

Diagnosis

Diagnosing RSDS involves a thorough examination of the patient's medical history and symptoms. There are no specific tests for RSDS, but imaging tests like MRI or bone scans can help rule out other conditions.

Treatment

Treatment for RSDS aims to relieve painful symptoms and improve function. Options include:

• Pain medication
• Physical therapy
• Nerve blocks
• Psychological support
• Sympathectomy in severe cases

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with RSDS varies. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcomes, but some patients may experience persistent pain and disability.

See also

• Pain management
• Nerve block
• Physical therapy