Railroad switch

Railroad switch (also known as a train switch, railway turnout, or points) is a mechanical installation enabling railway trains to be guided from one track to another at a railway junction. This mechanism is pivotal in the management and operation of rail networks, allowing for the flexible routing of trains across complex track systems.

Overview

A railroad switch consists of a pair of linked tapering rails, known as switch rails or point blades, located within the railroad track. These movable rails can be shifted to allow a train to either continue on the main track or diverge onto a branching track. The switch rails are connected to a set of ties that support them. The position of the switch is typically controlled manually by a lever, electronically from a remote location, or automatically.

Components

The main components of a railroad switch include the switch rails, stock rails (the fixed rails into which the switch rails lay), frog (a crossing point for the flanges of wheels), and guard rails (rails that guide wheels through the frog). Additionally, switches are equipped with a throw mechanism to move the switch rails and a lock to secure them in place.

Types of Switches

Railroad switches can be classified based on their layout, operation, and location. Common types include: - Simple turnout: A basic switch with a single diverging path. - Slip switch: Allows a train to cross over to parallel tracks. - Crossover: Consists of two turnouts used in succession to move a train from one track to another parallel track. - Double crossover: A combination of two crossovers that allows for more flexible movement between tracks.

Operation

The operation of a railroad switch can be manual, where a train operator or a ground-based switch operator changes the switch's position, or automated, where the switch is controlled remotely or by computer systems. Automated systems are often integrated with railway signaling systems to ensure safe and efficient train movements.

Safety

Safety in the operation of railroad switches is paramount. Incorrectly set or malfunctioning switches can lead to derailments or collisions. Regular maintenance and inspection are crucial to prevent accidents. Modern rail networks employ various technologies, including electronic monitoring and automated control systems, to enhance the safety and reliability of switches.

In Rail Transport Operations

Railroad switches play a critical role in Rail transport operations, facilitating the efficient movement of trains through rail yards, stations, and junctions. They are essential for the operation of freight and passenger services, enabling the assembly of trains in rail yards and the routing of trains according to schedules.

See Also

• Rail transport
• Derailment
• Railroad tie
• Signal (rail)

This railway related article is a stub.