Mediastinal branches of thoracic part of aorta

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Latin	rami mediastinales partis thoracicae aortae

The mediastinal branches of the thoracic part of the aorta are small arteries that arise from the thoracic aorta and supply the mediastinum, which is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity. These branches are part of the systemic circulation and play a crucial role in providing blood to the structures within the mediastinum.

Anatomy

The thoracic aorta is the portion of the aorta located in the thorax, and it extends from the arch of the aorta to the diaphragm. As it descends through the thorax, it gives off several branches, including the mediastinal branches.

The mediastinal branches are typically small and variable in number and origin. They arise from the anterior aspect of the thoracic aorta and supply the connective tissue and lymph nodes of the posterior mediastinum. These branches are often not named individually due to their small size and variability.

Function

The primary function of the mediastinal branches is to supply oxygenated blood to the tissues of the mediastinum. This includes the connective tissues, lymph nodes, and other structures located in the posterior mediastinum. By providing blood to these areas, the mediastinal branches help maintain the health and function of the mediastinal structures.

Clinical significance

While the mediastinal branches themselves are not commonly the focus of clinical attention, the mediastinum is a critical area in the thorax that contains vital structures such as the heart, esophagus, trachea, and major blood vessels. Pathologies affecting the mediastinum, such as tumors or infections, can impact the mediastinal branches and the structures they supply.

In surgical procedures involving the thoracic aorta or mediastinum, care must be taken to preserve these branches to maintain adequate blood supply to the mediastinal tissues.

Also see

• Thoracic aorta
• Mediastinum
• Aortic branches
• Systemic circulation