Rasam (dish)

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Puli Rasam

Chaaru Paani

Rasam is a South Indian soup, traditionally prepared using tamarind juice as a base, with the addition of tomato, chili pepper, pepper, cumin and other spices as seasonings. Steamed lentils can be added along with any preferred vegetables. It is eaten with rice or alone, as a soup. In a traditional meal, it follows the sambar course and is followed by yogurt (curd) rice. Rasam has a distinct taste that combines sour, spicy, and, at times, sweet flavors.

History

The origin of rasam is rooted in the South Indian culinary tradition, with its history dating back centuries. It was originally called "rasa," which means "juice" or "essence" in Sanskrit. It evolved over time, incorporating various local ingredients and cooking techniques, reflecting the diversity of the South Indian region.

Ingredients

The basic ingredients of rasam include:

• Tamarind juice or tamarind paste, which provides the sour flavor.
• Tomatoes, which add a slight sweetness and tanginess.
• Black pepper and chili pepper, which contribute to its spiciness.
• Cumin, mustard seeds, and curry leaves, which are used for seasoning.
• Garlic and coriander, for aroma and flavor.
• Turmeric powder, for color and health benefits.
• Asafoetida, for digestion and additional flavor.
• Lentils (optional), usually toor dal, for thickness and protein.

Preparation

The preparation of rasam varies widely across different regions and households in South India. However, a common method involves boiling tamarind juice with tomatoes, adding the prepared spice mix (rasam powder), and then simmering with added water to achieve the desired consistency. Mustard seeds, cumin, curry leaves, and asafoetida are tempered in oil and added to the mixture. Cooked lentils may be included to make the dish heartier. Finally, fresh coriander leaves are sprinkled on top before serving.

Variations

There are numerous regional variations of rasam, including:

• Tomato Rasam, where tomato is the primary ingredient.
• Pepper Rasam (Milagu Rasam), made with black pepper and cumin, beneficial for colds and flu.
• Lemon Rasam, where lemon juice is used instead of tamarind.
• Pineapple Rasam, a sweeter version with chunks of pineapple.
• Garlic Rasam (Poondu Rasam), which uses a generous amount of garlic.
• Tamarind Rasam, focusing on a strong tamarind flavor.

Cultural Significance

Rasam is more than just a dish; it is a part of the South Indian way of life. It is commonly served in meals at home and is a staple in traditional feasts and weddings. Beyond its culinary importance, rasam is also valued for its medicinal properties, particularly its ability to aid digestion and its use as a home remedy for colds and flu.

Nutritional Value

Rasam is considered to be very beneficial for health. It is low in calories but rich in essential vitamins and minerals. The spices used in rasam, such as black pepper and cumin, have antioxidant properties and can help boost the immune system. The inclusion of lentils adds protein, making it a balanced dish.

See Also

• South Indian cuisine
• Indian spices
• Sambar
• Indian cuisine