Record linkage

Process of matching records from different sources

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Record linkage is the process of identifying and matching records from different data sources that refer to the same entity. This is a crucial task in data integration, data cleaning, and data analysis, especially in the healthcare sector where patient data may be spread across multiple databases.

Overview

Record linkage is used to combine information from different sources to create a more comprehensive dataset. This process is essential in medical research, public health, and epidemiology to ensure that data from various healthcare providers and medical institutions can be accurately combined and analyzed.

Methods

There are several methods for performing record linkage, including:

• Deterministic linkage: This method uses exact matching criteria, such as Social Security Number or National Health Service number, to link records. It is highly accurate but requires that the identifiers be present and correctly recorded in all datasets.

• Probabilistic linkage: This method uses statistical models to calculate the likelihood that records from different sources refer to the same entity. It is more flexible than deterministic linkage and can handle missing or inconsistent data.

• Machine learning approaches: Recent advances in machine learning have led to the development of algorithms that can learn from labeled data to improve the accuracy of record linkage.

Applications in Healthcare

In the healthcare industry, record linkage is used to:

• Combine patient records from different hospitals and clinics to create a unified electronic health record (EHR).
• Track patient outcomes across different treatment centers.
• Conduct longitudinal studies by linking patient data over time.
• Improve the quality of healthcare data by identifying and correcting errors.

Challenges

Record linkage in healthcare faces several challenges, including:

• Data privacy and confidentiality concerns, which require careful handling of personal data.
• Variability in data quality and formats across different sources.
• The need for efficient algorithms to handle large volumes of data.

See also

• Data matching
• Data integration
• Health informatics
• Patient data management

External links

• Article on record linkage in healthcare
• WHO guidelines on record linkage