Red heifer

Red Angus Heifer

Red heifer

A red heifer (Hebrew: פָּרָה אֲדֻמָּה , parah adumah) is a female cow that is entirely red, which is significant in Judaism for its role in the ritual purification process described in the Torah. The red heifer is mentioned in the Book of Numbers (Numbers 19:1-22) and is used in the purification of individuals who have come into contact with a corpse.

Biblical Significance

The red heifer is a key element in the Jewish purification rituals. According to the Torah, the heifer must be without blemish, never having borne a yoke. The ashes of the red heifer, when mixed with water, are used to create the "water of lustration" necessary for the purification of those who have been in contact with the dead.

Ritual Process

The ritual involves the slaughter of the red heifer outside the Temple in Jerusalem, followed by the burning of its carcass. The ashes are then collected and stored. When needed, a small portion of the ashes is mixed with water from a natural source, and this mixture is sprinkled on individuals or objects to purify them.

Historical Context

The ritual of the red heifer is one of the most mysterious and least understood practices in ancient Judaism. It is unique in that it purifies the impure but renders the pure impure. The ritual has not been performed since the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE, as the Temple is the only place where the ritual can be properly conducted.

Modern Relevance

In contemporary times, the search for a red heifer that meets all the biblical requirements continues among some groups who wish to reinstate the ritual purification process. This is particularly significant for those who advocate for the rebuilding of the Third Temple in Jerusalem.

Cultural Impact

The red heifer has also found its way into various aspects of Jewish culture and eschatology. It is often associated with the coming of the Messiah and the end times in Jewish eschatology.

See Also

• Temple in Jerusalem
• Jewish eschatology
• Ritual purification in Judaism
• Book of Numbers
• Third Temple