RefSeq
RefSeq (Reference Sequence) is a comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant set of sequences, including genomic DNA, transcripts, and proteins. It is curated by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), a division of the National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Overview[edit | edit source]
RefSeq provides a critical reference standard for the functional annotation of genes, mutation analysis, and the interpretation of experimental data. The database includes sequences from a wide range of organisms, including humans, model organisms, and other species of interest in biomedical research.
History[edit | edit source]
The RefSeq project was initiated in 1999 to address the need for a curated, non-redundant sequence database. It has since grown to include millions of sequences, with regular updates and enhancements to ensure accuracy and comprehensiveness.
Content and Structure[edit | edit source]
RefSeq includes several types of sequences:
- Genomic DNA sequences: These are the complete DNA sequences of an organism's genome.
- mRNA sequences: These sequences represent the transcribed portions of the genome.
- Protein sequences: These sequences are derived from the translation of mRNA sequences.
Each RefSeq record is identified by a unique accession number, which is used to track updates and revisions. The database is organized into several categories, including:
- Reference genome assemblies: High-quality, complete genome sequences.
- Model RefSeqs: Sequences from well-studied model organisms.
- Provisional RefSeqs: Sequences that are still under review and may be updated.
Applications[edit | edit source]
RefSeq is widely used in various fields of biomedical research, including:
- Gene annotation: Providing a reference for identifying and annotating genes in newly sequenced genomes.
- Variant analysis: Serving as a standard for identifying and interpreting genetic variants.
- Comparative genomics: Facilitating the comparison of genomes across different species.
Access and Tools[edit | edit source]
RefSeq data can be accessed through several NCBI tools and databases, including:
Related Pages[edit | edit source]
- GenBank
- NCBI
- BLAST
- Entrez
- Genome Data Viewer
- National Center for Biotechnology Information
- National Library of Medicine
- National Institutes of Health
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
External Links[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
