Reflex arc
Reflex Arc
A Reflex arc is a neural pathway that controls a reflex. In vertebrates, most reflex actions are controlled via this pathway. The reflex arc allows an immediate and automatic response to a stimulus, which is essential for survival. The reflex arc comprises five components: the sensory receptor, the sensory neuron, the interneuron, the motor neuron, and the effector.
Components of a Reflex Arc[edit | edit source]
Sensory Receptor[edit | edit source]
The sensory receptor detects changes in the environment and responds to stimuli.
Sensory Neuron[edit | edit source]
The sensory neuron transmits the electrical signal from the sensory receptor to the spinal cord or brain.
Interneuron[edit | edit source]
The interneuron processes the information from the sensory neuron and sends a signal to the motor neuron.
Motor Neuron[edit | edit source]
The motor neuron carries the signal from the interneuron to the effector.
Effector[edit | edit source]
The effector is the muscle or gland that responds to the motor neuron signal, resulting in a reflex action.
Types of Reflex Arcs[edit | edit source]
There are two types of reflex arcs: autonomic reflex arc and somatic reflex arc.
Autonomic Reflex Arc[edit | edit source]
The autonomic reflex arc affects inner organs, such as regulating heart rate, digestion, and pupil dilation.
Somatic Reflex Arc[edit | edit source]
The somatic reflex arc affects muscles, such as causing the withdrawal of a hand from a hot stove.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
