Reflex arc

Reflex Arc

A Reflex arc is a neural pathway that controls a reflex. In vertebrates, most reflex actions are controlled via this pathway. The reflex arc allows an immediate and automatic response to a stimulus, which is essential for survival. The reflex arc comprises five components: the sensory receptor, the sensory neuron, the interneuron, the motor neuron, and the effector.

Components of a Reflex Arc[edit | edit source]

Sensory Receptor[edit | edit source]

The sensory receptor detects changes in the environment and responds to stimuli.

Sensory Neuron[edit | edit source]

The sensory neuron transmits the electrical signal from the sensory receptor to the spinal cord or brain.

Interneuron[edit | edit source]

The interneuron processes the information from the sensory neuron and sends a signal to the motor neuron.

Motor Neuron[edit | edit source]

The motor neuron carries the signal from the interneuron to the effector.

Effector[edit | edit source]

The effector is the muscle or gland that responds to the motor neuron signal, resulting in a reflex action.

Types of Reflex Arcs[edit | edit source]

There are two types of reflex arcs: autonomic reflex arc and somatic reflex arc.

Autonomic Reflex Arc[edit | edit source]

The autonomic reflex arc affects inner organs, such as regulating heart rate, digestion, and pupil dilation.

Somatic Reflex Arc[edit | edit source]

The somatic reflex arc affects muscles, such as causing the withdrawal of a hand from a hot stove.

See Also[edit | edit source]

Reflex arc Resources
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