Rhizoctonia cerealis

Rhizoctonia cerealis is a fungal pathogen that primarily affects cereal crops. It is the causative agent of the disease known as sharp eyespot, which can cause significant yield losses in affected crops.

Taxonomy

Rhizoctonia cerealis belongs to the Basidiomycota division of fungi, within the order Cantharellales. It is part of the Ceratobasidiaceae family, which comprises a diverse group of fungi that are primarily plant pathogens.

Morphology

The fungus is characterized by its hyphae, which are typically brown and septate. It produces sclerotia, which are hardened masses of mycelium that allow the fungus to survive in harsh conditions. The sclerotia of Rhizoctonia cerealis are typically round and dark brown.

Pathogenicity

Rhizoctonia cerealis infects plants through the roots, causing lesions that can girdle the stem and lead to plant death. The disease it causes, sharp eyespot, is characterized by eye-shaped lesions on the stem base. The fungus is most pathogenic in cool, wet conditions.

Management

Management of Rhizoctonia cerealis involves a combination of cultural practices and chemical control. Crop rotation and the use of resistant varieties can help to reduce disease incidence. Fungicides can also be used, but their effectiveness can be variable.

Economic Impact

Rhizoctonia cerealis can cause significant yield losses in cereal crops, particularly in wheat and barley. The economic impact of the disease can be substantial, particularly in regions where these crops are a major part of the agricultural economy.

See Also

• Plant Pathology
• Fungal Plant Pathogens and Diseases
• Cereal Diseases

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