Rochon-Duvigneaud's syndrome

Rochon-Duvigneaud's syndrome is a rare neurological disorder characterized by a combination of symptoms including anisocoria, ptosis, and ophthalmoplegia. It is named after the French ophthalmologist Alexis Rochon and the French neurologist Jean Duvigneaud who first described the condition in the early 20th century.

Symptoms and Signs

The primary symptoms of Rochon-Duvigneaud's syndrome include anisocoria, which is a condition where the patient's pupils are of unequal size; ptosis, which is a drooping or falling of the upper eyelid; and ophthalmoplegia, which is a paralysis or weakness of the eye muscles. Other symptoms may include diplopia (double vision), mydriasis (dilated pupils), and exophthalmos (bulging eyes).

Causes

Rochon-Duvigneaud's syndrome is caused by a lesion in the sympathetic nervous system, specifically in the cervical sympathetic chain. This chain is a part of the autonomic nervous system that controls functions such as the dilation of the pupils and the lifting of the eyelid. The exact cause of the lesion is often unknown, but it can be due to trauma, tumor, or infection.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Rochon-Duvigneaud's syndrome is primarily based on the clinical presentation of the patient. A detailed neurological examination is performed to assess the patient's symptoms. Additional tests such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scan may be used to identify the location and cause of the lesion.

Treatment

Treatment of Rochon-Duvigneaud's syndrome is aimed at addressing the underlying cause of the lesion. This may involve surgery to remove a tumor, antibiotics to treat an infection, or other treatments as appropriate. In some cases, no treatment is necessary if the symptoms are mild and do not interfere with the patient's daily life.

Prognosis

The prognosis for Rochon-Duvigneaud's syndrome varies depending on the underlying cause of the condition. In some cases, the symptoms may resolve on their own without treatment. In other cases, the condition may be chronic and require ongoing management.

See Also

• Horner's syndrome
• Claude's syndrome
• Adie's syndrome

NIH genetic and rare disease info

• NIH info on Rochon-Duvigneaud's syndrome

Rochon-Duvigneaud's syndrome is a rare disease.

Rochon-Duvigneaud's syndrome Resources
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