Router (computing)
Device that forwards data packets between computer networks
Template:Infobox network device
A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. Routers perform the traffic directing functions on the Internet. Data sent through the internet, such as a web page or email, is in the form of data packets. A packet is typically forwarded from one router to another router through the networks that constitute an internetwork (e.g., the Internet) until it reaches its destination node.
Functionality[edit | edit source]
Routers operate in two different planes:
- Control plane: In this plane, the router learns the outgoing interface that is most appropriate for forwarding specific packets to specific destinations.
- Forwarding plane: In this plane, the router forwards packets from one network interface to another.
Types of Routers[edit | edit source]
Routers can be classified into several types based on their functionality and application:
- Core routers: These are used by Internet service providers (ISPs) and are designed to operate in the core or backbone of the Internet.
- Edge routers: These are placed at the edge of the ISP network and connect to external networks.
- Home routers: These are used in residential settings to connect home networks to the Internet.
- Wireless routers: These provide wireless connectivity to devices within a network.
Routing Protocols[edit | edit source]
Routers use various routing protocols to determine the best path for forwarding packets. Some common routing protocols include:
- Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
- Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
- Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
Components[edit | edit source]
A typical router consists of several key components:
- Central processing unit (CPU)
- Memory: This includes RAM, NVRAM, and Flash memory.
- Interfaces: These can be Ethernet, Wi-Fi, or other types of network interfaces.
Security[edit | edit source]
Routers play a crucial role in network security. They can be configured with firewalls, VPNs, and other security measures to protect the network from unauthorized access and attacks.
See also[edit | edit source]
Related Pages[edit | edit source]
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