Rubulavirus

Rubulavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Paramyxoviridae, order Mononegavirales. Mammals serve as natural hosts. Diseases associated with this genus include: mumps, and meningoencephalitis (inflammation of the brain and meninges).

Taxonomy

The genus Rubulavirus is one of seven genera in the family Paramyxoviridae, subfamily Paramyxovirinae. The genus includes the following species:

• Human rubulavirus 2
• Human rubulavirus 3
• Human rubulavirus 4
• Mapuera virus
• Mumps virus
• Parainfluenza virus 5
• Parainfluenza virus 4
• Simian virus 41
• Tioman virus

Structure

Viruses in Rubulavirus are enveloped, with spherical geometries. The diameter is around 150-200 nm. Genomes are linear, around 15kb in length.

Life Cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral HN glycoproteins to host receptors, which mediates clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Replication follows the negative stranded RNA virus replication model. Negative stranded RNA virus transcription, using polymerase stuttering is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by budding, and tubule-guided viral movement. Mammals serve as the natural host.

Clinical

The most well-known disease caused by a Rubulavirus is mumps, which is caused by the mumps virus. Mumps is characterized by painful swelling of the salivary glands and occasionally other symptoms such as fever. In rare cases, it can cause more serious complications such as hearing loss or meningitis.

See also

• Viral replication
• Viral envelope
• Viral life cycle
• Mumps

External links

• ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database: Rubulavirus
• Viralzone: Rubulavirus
• ICTV