Russula caerulea

Russ.caer

Russula caerulea, commonly known as the Humpback Brittlegill, is a species of mushroom belonging to the genus Russula, which is part of the large family Russulaceae. This species is found in various parts of Europe and North America, thriving in both deciduous and coniferous forests. It is particularly noted for its symbiotic relationship with trees, forming ectomycorrhizal associations that are beneficial for both the fungus and its host.

Description

The cap of Russula caerulea can reach up to 15 cm in diameter, starting with a convex shape before becoming broadly convex to flat in maturity. The color of the cap can vary from dark blue to purple, often with a greenish tinge, and it tends to fade with age or upon exposure to sunlight. The surface of the cap is smooth and can appear slightly greasy in wet conditions.

The gills of this mushroom are adnate to slightly decurrent, crowded, and white to cream in color. They are brittle, like all Russula mushrooms, breaking easily if bent. The stem is white, stout, and cylindrical, with a length of up to 8 cm and a thickness of 2-3 cm. It may show signs of bruising or discoloration with age or when handled.

Russula caerulea has a white spore print. The spores are broadly ellipsoid, ornamented with warts and ridges, which are partially interconnected by fine lines, forming a partial network.

Habitat and Distribution

Russula caerulea is predominantly found in temperate regions of Europe and North America. It forms ectomycorrhizal relationships with a wide variety of trees, including both deciduous species such as oaks and beeches, and coniferous species like spruces and pines. These mushrooms are typically found in moist, well-drained soils from late summer to late autumn.

Edibility

The edibility of Russula caerulea is a subject of debate, with some sources describing it as edible, while others advise against consumption due to its similarity to other, potentially toxic Russula species. If considered for consumption, proper identification is crucial, and it is recommended to only consume small quantities after thorough cooking.

Conservation

As of the current knowledge, Russula caerulea does not appear to be under any significant threat. It is relatively widespread and common in suitable habitats. However, like many fungi, it could be susceptible to changes in forest management practices and land use that affect its ectomycorrhizal partners.

See Also

• Mycorrhiza
• Russulaceae
• Mushroom hunting

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