Russula virescens

Russula virescens

Russula virescens, commonly known as the green-cracking russula or the quilted green russula, is a species of mushroom belonging to the genus Russula. It is widely appreciated for its edible qualities and is found in various parts of the world, particularly in Europe and North America. This mushroom is notable for its distinctive green cap, which cracks in a pattern reminiscent of cracked porcelain, and its firm, white flesh.

Description

Russula virescens features a cap that can range from 5 to 10 cm in diameter, initially convex before flattening out with age. The cap's surface is characterized by a unique cracked or quilted appearance, displaying various shades of green. The cracks reveal the white flesh underneath, which does not change color upon exposure to air. The gills are white, adnate to adnexed, and crowded. The stem is white, stout, and measures 4 to 8 cm in height and 1 to 2.5 cm in diameter.

This species does not produce a milky sap when the gills or flesh are cut or broken, distinguishing it from some other members of the Russula genus. The spore print of Russula virescens is cream or pale yellow.

Habitat and Distribution

Russula virescens is a mycorrhizal fungus, forming symbiotic relationships with hardwood trees, especially with species of oak and beech. It is found in deciduous and mixed forests, preferring well-drained, calcareous soils. This mushroom emerges from summer to early autumn and is distributed across Europe, North America, and parts of Asia.

Edibility

The green-cracking russula is considered an excellent edible mushroom, prized for its crunchy texture and mild, nutty flavor. It is often consumed raw in salads or cooked in various dishes. However, as with all wild mushrooms, proper identification is crucial before consumption to avoid confusion with potentially toxic species.

Similar Species

Russula virescens can be confused with other green-capped russulas, such as Russula aeruginea or Russula parvovirescens. However, its distinctive cracked cap surface and the absence of a milky sap upon cutting are key identifying features.

Conservation

Currently, there are no known significant threats to Russula virescens, and it is not listed on any conservation red lists. However, habitat destruction and pollution could potentially impact its populations.