Ruta

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Ruta chalepensis11

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Ruta angustifolia MHNT.BOT.2008.1.4

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Effet de la rue officinale

Ruta graveolens, commonly known as rue, is a species of Ruta grown as an herb. It is native to the Balkan Peninsula, and is now found throughout the world, where it is used for various culinary and medicinal purposes. The plant is also known for its ornamental qualities, featuring bluish-green leaves and yellow flowers.

Description

Ruta graveolens is a perennial plant that can grow up to 1 meter in height. Its leaves are bluish-green, feathery, and have a strong, pungent smell. The plant produces yellow flowers during the summer, which then develop into seed pods containing multiple seeds. Rue thrives in a variety of soil types, provided they are well-drained, and prefers a sunny location.

Culinary Uses

In the culinary world, rue is used sparingly due to its bitter taste and strong flavor. It is a traditional flavoring in some Mediterranean cuisines, particularly in Italy and the Balkans. The leaves are used fresh or dried to flavor meats, fish, and other dishes. However, due to its potent flavor and potential toxicity when consumed in large quantities, its use in cooking is limited and considered somewhat old-fashioned.

Medicinal Uses

Historically, Ruta graveolens has been used in traditional medicine for various purposes. It was believed to have anti-spasmodic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fungal properties. Rue has been used to treat conditions such as indigestion, heart palpitations, and nervousness. However, its medicinal use has declined due to the recognition of its potential toxicity and the availability of safer, more effective treatments.

Toxicity

Rue contains several compounds that can be toxic to humans and animals when ingested in large amounts. The plant's essential oils, particularly those containing furanocoumarins, can cause photosensitivity, leading to skin rashes and burns when exposed to sunlight. Ingestion of large quantities can lead to gastrointestinal distress, liver damage, and nervous system effects.

Cultivation

Ruta graveolens is cultivated as an ornamental plant in gardens for its attractive foliage and flowers. It is also grown for its use in herbalism and as a culinary herb, despite its limited application. The plant is relatively easy to grow from seed and can also be propagated from cuttings. It requires minimal care once established, making it a popular choice for low-maintenance gardens.

In Culture

Rue has a long history of use in folklore and magic. It was often used in rituals and spells for protection and to ward off evil spirits. In literature, rue is sometimes referred to as the "herb of grace" and has been used symbolically to represent regret and repentance.