Sally Louisa Tompkins

Rebel-nurse-sally-tompkins-valentine-richmond-history-center

Sally Louisa Tompkins (November 9, 1833 – July 25, 1916) was a notable figure in American history, primarily recognized for her contributions to the medical care of Confederate soldiers during the American Civil War. Tompkins was distinguished by her dedication to the wounded and her role in operating a highly successful private hospital. Her efforts earned her the unique distinction of being the only woman officially commissioned as an officer in the Confederate Army.

Early Life

Sally Louisa Tompkins was born in Mathews County, Virginia, into a prosperous family. Her father, Christopher Tompkins, was a wealthy planter, merchant, and military officer, which provided Sally with a comfortable upbringing. After the death of her mother, her family moved to Richmond, Virginia, where she would later make significant contributions.

Civil War Contributions

With the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861, Tompkins dedicated herself to the Confederate cause. Recognizing the dire need for medical facilities, she converted a house in Richmond into the Robertson Hospital, named after its owner, Judge John Robertson, who had offered his home for the cause. Unlike many overcrowded military hospitals of the time, Robertson Hospital was noted for its exceptional care and remarkably low mortality rate. Tompkins' dedication to maintaining high standards of hygiene and her personal involvement in the care of her patients were key factors in the hospital's success.

On September 9, 1861, Confederate President Jefferson Davis commissioned Tompkins as a captain of cavalry, unassigned, to ensure her hospital would remain open. This commission made her the only woman to hold a commission in the Confederate Army, a testament to her significant contributions and the respect she garnered.

Post-War Life and Legacy

After the war, Tompkins continued her philanthropic efforts, supporting various charitable causes and the Episcopal Church. She lived the remainder of her life in Richmond, where she was a respected member of the community until her death in 1916.

Sally Louisa Tompkins' legacy is one of compassion, dedication, and pioneering spirit in the face of adversity. Her work during the Civil War not only saved countless lives but also paved the way for future advancements in medical care and women's roles in healthcare and the military.

Death and Honors

Tompkins died on July 25, 1916, and was buried with full military honors, a rare tribute for a woman of her time. Her grave can be found in the Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond, Virginia. In recognition of her contributions, several memorials have been established in her honor, and her life and work continue to be studied and admired by historians and scholars.

See Also

• American Civil War
• Confederate States of America
• Women in the American Civil War