Sarajevo

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Sarajevo Night Skyline Bosnia & Herzegovina 2014 (15510458883)

Sarajevo – Iftar at Žuta tabija

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Sarajevo Veliki-Park 2011-11-08

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Panorama de Sarajevo 2

Butmirska vaza

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Ilidža Rimski most 3

Sarajevo is the capital city and the largest urban center of Bosnia and Herzegovina, situated in the Sarajevo Canton. It lies in the Sarajevo valley of the Dinaric Alps, surrounded by the mountains Bjelašnica, Igman, Jahorina, and Trebević. The city boasts a rich history that dates back to its founding by the Ottoman Empire in the 15th century. Sarajevo has been a focal point in various historical events, most notably the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria in 1914, which sparked the beginning of World War I. It also hosted the 1984 Winter Olympics and endured a lengthy siege during the Bosnian War in the 1990s.

History

Sarajevo's history is a testament to its resilience and the diverse cultural influences it has absorbed over the centuries. Founded by the Ottomans in 1461, the city quickly grew into a vibrant trade center. The Baščaršija, Sarajevo's old bazaar, is a remnant of this period and remains a symbol of the city's Ottoman heritage. Throughout the centuries, Sarajevo has been part of the Ottoman Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire, and Yugoslavia, before becoming the capital of independent Bosnia and Herzegovina.

World War I

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Gavrilo Princip, a member of the Young Bosnia movement, on June 28, 1914, is one of the most significant events in Sarajevo's history. This act led directly to the outbreak of World War I. The site of the assassination, at the corner of the Latin Bridge, is marked by a museum and a plaque commemorating the event.

Bosnian War

Between 1992 and 1995, Sarajevo was under siege by Bosnian Serb forces, making it one of the longest sieges in modern warfare. The city suffered extensive damage, and thousands of its citizens were killed or wounded. Despite the siege, Sarajevo's multicultural spirit endured, symbolizing resistance and the desire for peace. The Tunnel of Hope, which provided a lifeline to the besieged city, is now a museum.

Geography

Sarajevo is located in the Sarajevo valley, surrounded by mountains that are part of the Dinaric Alps. The Miljacka River runs through the city, dividing it into several districts. Sarajevo's climate is classified as humid continental, with cold winters and warm summers.

Culture

Sarajevo is known for its unique blend of Eastern and Western cultures, which is evident in its architecture, cuisine, and festivals. The city is home to several cultural institutions, including the Sarajevo National Theatre, the Historical Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the Sarajevo Film Festival, one of the leading film festivals in Europe. The Baščaršija, Sarajevo's old bazaar, is a hub of cultural and commercial activity, offering traditional crafts, coffeehouses, and restaurants.

Economy

The economy of Sarajevo is diverse, with sectors such as manufacturing, tourism, and services playing significant roles. The city has seen significant investment in infrastructure and urban development since the end of the Bosnian War. Tourism, in particular, has grown, with visitors drawn to Sarajevo's historical sites, cultural events, and natural beauty.

Education

Sarajevo is an important educational center in Bosnia and Herzegovina, hosting several universities and higher education institutions. The University of Sarajevo is the largest and most prestigious, offering a wide range of faculties and research centers.

Transport

Sarajevo is well-connected by road and rail, with the Sarajevo International Airport serving as a key gateway for international travelers. The city's public transportation system includes trams, buses, and trolleybuses.