Scalenus anticus
Scalenus Anticus (also known as the Scalenus Anterior) is one of the three Scalene Muscles found in the lateral neck. It plays a crucial role in the respiratory system by elevating the first rib, thus aiding in breathing. Additionally, it serves as an accessory muscle of respiration and is involved in various neck movements.
Anatomy[edit | edit source]
The Scalenus Anticus originates from the transverse processes of the third to sixth Cervical Vertebrae (C3-C6) and inserts onto the scalene tubercle on the inner border of the first rib. This muscle lies deep within the neck, anterior to the Scalenus Medius and Scalenus Posterior muscles, and is part of the scalene group which forms a key component of the lateral neck musculature.
Function[edit | edit source]
The primary function of the Scalenus Anticus is to elevate the first rib, thereby assisting in the inhalation process. This elevation of the first rib increases the volume of the thoracic cavity, allowing for a greater intake of air into the lungs. The muscle also plays a minor role in flexing the neck or assisting in lateral flexion to the same side when the spine is fixed.
Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]
The Scalenus Anticus is of particular interest in clinical medicine due to its relationship with several important anatomical structures. The muscle is closely associated with the Brachial Plexus and the Subclavian Artery, which pass between the Scalenus Anticus and the Scalenus Medius. This anatomical relationship is significant in the context of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS), a condition where compression of the brachial plexus, subclavian artery, or subclavian vein can lead to a range of symptoms including pain, numbness, and weakness in the arm.
Treatment and Management[edit | edit source]
Treatment for conditions involving the Scalenus Anticus typically focuses on relieving the compression of the neurovascular structures. Physical therapy, including stretching and strengthening exercises, can be beneficial. In more severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to decompress the affected area or to resect part of the muscle.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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