Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) is a group of disorders that occur when blood vessels or nerves in the space between your collarbone and your first rib (thoracic outlet) are compressed. This can cause pain in your shoulders and neck and numbness in your fingers.

Causes

Common causes of thoracic outlet syndrome include physical trauma from a car accident, repetitive injuries from job- or sports-related activities, certain anatomical defects (such as having an extra rib), and pregnancy.

Symptoms

Symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome can vary, depending on which vessels or nerves are compressed. When nerves are compressed, neurological thoracic outlet syndrome results. Its signs and symptoms include:

• Muscle wasting in the fleshy base of your thumb (Gilliatt-Sumner hand)
• Numbness or tingling in your arm or fingers
• Pain or aches in your neck, shoulder or hand
• Weakening grip

Diagnosis

Diagnosing thoracic outlet syndrome can be difficult because the symptoms and their severity can vary greatly among people with the disorder. To diagnose thoracic outlet syndrome, your doctor may review your symptoms and medical history and conduct a physical examination.

Treatment

Treatment for thoracic outlet syndrome usually involves physical therapy and pain relief measures. Most people improve with these approaches. In some cases, however, your doctor may recommend surgery.

See also

• Neurology
• Physical therapy
• Surgery

References

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Resources
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