Scammonin I

Scammonin I

Scammonin I is a resinous compound found in the root of the Convolvulaceae family plant, Convolvulus scammonia, commonly known as Scammony. It is one of the two primary active constituents of the plant, the other being Scammonin II.

Chemical Structure

Scammonin I is a glycoside compound, which means it is composed of a sugar molecule bonded to a non-sugar molecule. The non-sugar part of Scammonin I is a steroid-like structure, while the sugar part is a glucose molecule. This combination of sugar and non-sugar components gives Scammonin I its unique properties.

Pharmacological Properties

Scammonin I is known for its laxative properties. When ingested, it stimulates the muscles of the colon, increasing the movement of the bowel. This makes it useful in the treatment of constipation. However, due to its potency, it is usually used only when other laxatives have failed.

Toxicity

While Scammonin I is effective as a laxative, it can also be toxic in high doses. Symptoms of Scammonin I toxicity can include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and severe diarrhea. In extreme cases, it can cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalance, which can be life-threatening.

Historical Use

Scammonin I has been used in traditional medicine for centuries. The Ancient Greeks and Romans used it as a laxative and to treat various digestive disorders. However, due to its potential toxicity, its use has declined in modern times.

See Also

• Scammonin II
• Convolvulus scammonia
• Glycoside
• Laxative