Schedule 2

Schedule II drugs, substances, or chemicals are defined as drugs with a high potential for abuse, with use potentially leading to severe psychological or physical dependence. These drugs are also considered dangerous. The United States Controlled Substances Act categorizes drugs, substances, and certain chemicals used to make drugs into five distinct categories or schedules depending upon the drug’s acceptable medical use and the drug’s abuse or dependency potential. Schedule II is the second most restrictive category, with Schedule I being the most restrictive.

Overview

Schedule II drugs are available only through a prescription that cannot be refilled without a new prescription from a healthcare provider. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) regulates the production, distribution, and prescribing of these drugs. Examples of Schedule II drugs include cocaine, methamphetamine, methadone, hydromorphone (Dilaudid), meperidine (Demerol), oxycodone (OxyContin), fentanyl, dexedrine, adderall, and ritalin.

Medical Use

Despite their high potential for abuse, Schedule II drugs have legitimate medical uses. For instance, opioids like fentanyl and oxycodone are prescribed for severe pain management, while stimulants like Adderall and Ritalin are used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and certain sleep disorders.

Regulations

The DEA requires entities that handle Schedule II drugs to adhere to strict guidelines regarding security, record keeping, and inventory control to prevent diversion and abuse. Prescriptions for Schedule II medications must be written and signed by a healthcare provider, and electronic prescriptions must meet specific requirements set by the DEA. In some cases, emergency oral prescriptions are allowed but must be followed by a written prescription within a certain period.

Abuse and Dependence

The high potential for abuse of Schedule II drugs is associated with significant risks of severe psychological or physical dependence. Abuse of these substances can lead to severe health issues, including overdose and death. The opioid crisis, particularly involving drugs like fentanyl and oxycodone, highlights the dangers of Schedule II drug abuse.

Legal Consequences

Unauthorized possession, distribution, or manufacturing of Schedule II drugs can result in severe legal penalties, including imprisonment, fines, and a criminal record. The severity of these penalties typically depends on the quantity of the drug, the individual’s criminal history, and whether the offense involved distribution.

See Also

• Controlled Substances Act
• Drug Enforcement Administration
• Opioid epidemic
• Prescription drug abuse
• Substance dependence